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1.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 78(supl.2): S2-5-S2-57, abr.-jun. 2008.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-566673

ABSTRACT

The multidisciplinary Institutional Committee of experts in Systemic Arterial Hypertension from the National Institute of Cardiology [quot ]Ignacio Chávez[quot ] presents its update (2008) of [quot ]Guidelines and Recommendations[quot ] for the early detection, control, treatment and prevention of Hypertension. The boarding tries to be simple and realistic for all that physicians whom have to face the hypertensive population in their clinical practice. The information is based in the most recent scientific evidence. These guides are principally directed to hypertensive population of emergent countries like Mexico. It is emphasized preventive health measures, the importance of the no pharmacological actions, such as good nutrition, exercise and changes in life style, (which ideally it must begin from very early ages). [quot ]We suggest that the changes in the style of life must be vigorous, continuous and systematized, with a real reinforcing by part of all the organisms related to the health education for all population (federal and private social organisms). It is the most important way to confront and prevent this pandemic of chronic diseases[quot ]. In this new edition the authors amplifies the information and importance on the matter. The preventive cardiology must contribute in multidisciplinary entailment. Based mainly on national data and the international scientific publications, we developed our own system of classification and risk stratification for the carrying people with hypertension, Called HTM (Arterial Hypertension in Mexico) index. Its principal of purpose this index is to keep in mind that the current approach of hypertension must be always multidisciplinary. The institutional committee of experts reviewed with rigorous methodology under the principles of the evidence-based medicine, both, national and international medical literature, with the purpose of adapting the concepts and guidelines for a better control and treatment of hypertension in Mexico. This work group recognizes that hypertension is not an isolated disease; therefore its approach must be in the context of the prevalence and interaction with other cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, dislipidemia and smoking among others. The urgent necessity is emphasized to approach in a concatenated form the diverse cardiovascular risk factors, since independently of which they share common pathophysiological mechanisms, its suitable identification and cont


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Hypertension , Hypertension , Algorithms , Blood Pressure Determination , Hypertension , Hypertension , Hypertension , Hypertension , Mexico
2.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 77(1): 31-39, ene.-mar. 2007. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-566909

ABSTRACT

Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death and disability in México. 25% of deaths under 60 years of age are related to chronic degenerative diseases. These disorders are more common in developing countries and are caused by an excessive intake of fatty acids, sodium, alcohol, tobacco consumption and decrease in physical activity. The prevalence of risk factors is increasing not only in adult population but also in youth and children. Data from the Department of Epidemiology from the Mexican Ministry of Health in the period between 1998 and 2000 showed that the death caused by coronary artery disease was more frequent in men (55%) than women (45%) and acute coronary syndrome was responsible for deaths in 83.5% of men and 76.8% in women. Primary Prevention Programs are necessary to decrease the impact of cardiovascular diseases.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Ischemia , Stroke , Age Factors , Cause of Death , Coronary Disease , Coronary Disease/mortality , Mexico , Myocardial Infarction , Myocardial Infarction/mortality , Myocardial Ischemia/mortality , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Stroke/mortality
3.
Rev. Inst. Nac. Enfermedades Respir ; 18(1): 48-54, ene.-mar. 2005. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-632639

ABSTRACT

Los timomas son tumores primarios que provienen de células epiteliales del timo. Es frecuente encontrarlos en el mediastino anterior y asociados a un síndrome paratímico. Aunque pueden ser asintomáticos, es posible que cursen con manifestaciones clínicas inespecíficas como dolor precordial, disnea y tos, que habitualmente desaparecen con la extirpación quirúrgica. En estas condiciones, el diagnóstico es incidental y habitualmente se establece por varios métodos de imagen como la radiografía de tórax, tomografía axial computada o la resonancia magnética, y se confirma por biopsia tumoral. La sobrevida depende del estadio clínico de Masaoka, tamaño tumoral, tipo de resección y el subtipo histológico. La extirpación quirúrgica completa es el objetivo principal. El uso de quimioterapia y/o radioterapia pre y/o posquirúrgica es aún controversial. Presentamos el caso clínico de una mujer quien, después de sufrir un infarto al miocardio, durante su estudio se encontró de manera incidental una masa paracardiaca derecha que correspondió a un timoma.


Thymomas are primary tumors that arise from the epithelial cells of the thymus. Frequently, they are found in the anterior mediastinum, associated to a parathymic syndrome. Although they may stay asymptomatic, they may also give rise to unspecific clinical manifestations, which include chest pain, dyspnea, and cough, symptoms that generally disappear with surgical resection of the thy moma. In these cases, incidental diagnosis is usually established by using various image methods that may include chest X-ray, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance, and it is confirmed by tumor biopsy. Survival depends on Masaoka's clinical stage, the size of the tumor, the type of resection performed and the histológical subtype. Complete surgical resection is the main objective. The use of pre and/or postoperatory chemo and/or radiotherapy is still controversial. We present the case of a woman who suffered from a myocardial infarction. She was later incidentally diagnosed with a right paracardiac tumor that came out to be a thymoma.

6.
Arch. Inst. Cardiol. Méx ; 64(3): 285-9, mayo-jun. 1994. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-188105

ABSTRACT

El infarto cerebral, durante o después del cateterismo cardiaco, puede ser secundario a diversos mecanismos. La formación y el desprendimiento de coágulos a partir de la pared del catéter y la ruptura de lesiones ateromatosas son las causas más frecuentes. La visualización de coágulos libres en el interior de un injerto aortocoronario es una condición extremadamente rara y escasamente documentada. Con evidencia angiográfica, presentamos un caso de isquemia cerebral aguda precipitada durante el cateterismo cardiaco por la migración de coágulos libres a partir de un injerto aortocoronario. Este caso ilustra uno más de los diversos mecanismos en la patogénesis de la isquemia cerebral.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Brain Ischemia/etiology , Embolism/complications , Aortic Valve Stenosis/complications
7.
Arch. Inst. Cardiol. Méx ; 61(1): 65-9, ene.-feb. 1991. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-175116

ABSTRACT

Los mixomas son los tumores cardiacos primarios de presentación más frecuente, y tienen como características el recidivar en forma muy ocasional. Esta particularidad de poder recidivar que tienen los mixomas se ha intentado explicar por diferentes mecanismos; las recidivas tienen una incidencia del 7 por ciento al 14 por ciento, incluso se pueden dar segundas recidivas. Recientemente se revisó la serie del Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez" (INCICH), en la que no se encontró ningún caso de recidiva. Informamos de un caso de mixoma de atrio derecho (AD), que recidivó a los 4 años después de haber sido extirpado de manera exitosa. La recurrencia se presentó en forma múltiple, con dos masas de diferente tamaño e implantación, ambas en AD. Después de haber revisado el tema, creemos que se trata del primer caso con estas características no solamente del INCICH sino también de la literatura mundial habitualmente consultada


Subject(s)
Humans , Myxoma
8.
Arch. Inst. Cardiol. Méx ; 56(2): 109-16, mar.-abr. 1986. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-46434

ABSTRACT

Se estudiaron los efectos sobre la hemodinamia e intercambio gaseoso de 20 mg de nifedipina (NFD) en 7 pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) de tipo inestable y con hipertensión arterial pulmonar. La causa de la descompensación fué infección respiratoria (n = 6) y embolia pulmonar (n = 1). Durante el reposo se documentaron hipertensión arterial pulmonar (Pp = 40 ñ 3 mmHg), hipoxemia severa (Pa02 = 43 ñ 2 mmHg) y elevación de la resistencia vascular pulmonar (Rp = 9 ñ 6u/m2). Durante el ejercicio la Pp se elevó 52 ñ 5 mmHg sin cambio significativo en el índice cardíaco (IC), Rp o intercambio gaseoso. Después de NFD en reposo se observaron incrementos significativos (p <0.05) en IC, transporte tisular de oxígeno y aporte de sangre venosa a la circulación sistémica. Tanto la Rp como la presión arterial y resistencia sistémicas disminuyeron significativamente. No cambiaron la Pp ni el intercambio gaseoso. Durante jercicio, las Rp y Rs fueron menores después de nifedipina, sin cambios en el intercambio gaseoso. La relación flujo-presión de la vasculatura pulmonar mostró un desplazamiento paralelo de la pendiente hacia la derecha, tanto en reposo como en ejercicio. Concluímos que la nifedipina puede ser de valor para el tratamiento de los incrementos en la resistencia vascular pulmonar que ocurren como consecuencia de complicaciones frecuentes en pacientes con neumonía obstructiva difusa crónica


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Lung Diseases, Obstructive/drug therapy , Nifedipine/therapeutic use , Hemodynamics , Hypertension , Nifedipine/metabolism
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